VMware Networking Concepts
Network :
1) Physical
Network : A network of physical machines that are connected so that they
can send and recevice data from each other. A EXSi server runs on physical
machine.
2) Virtual
Network : A network of virtual machines that runs on a single physical
machine that are connected logically to each other so that they can send and
recevie data from each other.
There are two types of
virutal switch in VMware
1) Standard
Virtual Switch : A Vmware vsphere standard virtual switch works like
physical switch. It dtect which VM are logically connected to each of its
virtual ports. The default maximum no of ports on a standard switch is 1024. we
can create upto 8 virtual standard switch on a single exsi host.
2)
Distributed Switch : A Vmware distributed switch act as a single switch
across all associated host on datacenter. This allows VM to maintain consitent
network configuration as they migrate across multiple host.
NOTE : Keep
in mind you must have an enterprise plus license to use this feature.
Port Group :
A port group specifies port configuration options such as bandwidth limitation,
vlan tagging and other networking function. Port groups aggregate multiple
ports under a common configuration and provide a stable anchor point for
virtual machines connecting to labeled networks. Port group fine how a
connection is made thought the switch on the network. Typically a single
standard switch is associated with one or more port groups.
VMware 2
types of network
1) Connecting virtual machine to a physical network
and to each other
2) Connecting VMKernal services (NFS, iSCSI,
vMotion, etc.) to the physical network.
VMware Limitation in
Networking
1) 10
Virtual NIC per Virtual Machine
2) 32
Physical NIC per Host
3) 4096
Virtual Switch Per Host
4) 1024
Ports Per Switch
Steps to create Standard Virtual Switch
1) On
the Console Windows of VMware EXSi Server go to configuration tab and then
select Networking option as shown below.
2) Next
select “add networking”
3) The
add network wizard appear on screen. Select “Virtual Machine” and click Next
4) Now
select the Physical NIC you will use to connect the virtual switch to other
physical resources on the network. (Note : Here we have 4 Physical NIC on the
server and the we will bind the virtual switch to the first physical NIC
available.)
5) Next
type the Name for the virtual switch and the VLAN to which it belong. The VLAN
ID is optional parameters but is recommended to specify when you want this
switch to belong to a specific VLAN.
6) Our
new virtual switch is now ready to use.
How to create port group
1)
Log on the Vsphere client and select the EXSi
host.
2)
Next go to the networking tab
3)
Here you will see the list of all the switches
available on the EXSi Host.
4)
Go to the properties of the switch you want to
create port group as shown below
5)
The properties of the standard switch appears on
the screen. Click on the “Add” button the bring the port group creation window
appear.
6)
Next select the “Virtual Machine” and click on
“Next” button to continue.
7)
Next type a Network label name and then type the
VLAN ID you want and then click “Next” to continue.
8)
Next click on “Finish” to complete the creation
of port group.
9)
Follow the same steps to create multiple port
groups.
In the below diagram we have 3
port group called as Mumbai, Pune and Chennai and have assigned them to
different VLAN i.e. VLAN 10, VLAN 20, VLAN 30.
Now since we have created multiple port group you can
configure various setting for each port group and assign VM ‘s to each port
group.
How to
assign VM to port Group
1)
Login to Vsphere client and then select the ESXI
host.
2)
Under the EXSi Host right-click on the VM and
select “Edit setting”
3)
Under the VM properties, select the network
adapter of the VM and then select the port group from the list of “Network
Label”.
4)
Here I have assign the WINXP VM to Mumbai-10
port group. Click OK to complete.
5)
Now go to configuration tab under the ESXI host
and under networking you will see the switch and you will find the VM is now
under Mumbai-10 port group as shown below.
How to
create Virtual Distributed Switch (vDS)
A vDS is created using vCenter Server and we require atleast
2 ESXI host. Below are the steps to create a vDS.
1)
In the vSphere Client, select the Networking
inventory view and select the datacenter.
2)
Select Home > Inventory > Networking.
3)
Next Right-Click on the Cluster/Datacenter and select
“vNetwork Distributed Switch”
4)
In the Name text box, type a name for the new
vSphere distributed switch and select the number of uplink required.
Uplink ports connect the distributed switch to physical NICs
on associated hosts. The number of uplink ports is the maximum number of
allowed physical connections to the distributed switch per host.
5) Select
whether to add hosts and their physical adapters to the vSphere distributed
switch now or later.If you select Add now, select the hosts and physical
adapters to use by clicking the check box next to each host or adapter. You can
only use free physical adapters to a vSphere distributed switch during
distributed switch creation.
6)
(Optional)
Select whether to Automatically create a default port group. This option
creates a distributed port group with default settings.
7)
Click Finish to complete the process of creation
of vDS.
After creation of vDS you can create multiple port group and
the vDS and assign VM to this vDS.
Moving
existing host from standard virtual switch to vDS
1)
In the vSphere Client, select the Networking
inventory view and select the datacenter.
2)
Select Home > Inventory > Networking.
3)
Right-click on the vds switch you have created
and select “Migrate Network Machine
Networking”
4)
Next select the source network where the VM is
located and then select the destination network where to migrate the virtual
machine.
5)
Now click on the VM from the list and click OK
to complete the migration of VM to vDS.
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